Which of the following are signs of inflammation?

The signs of inflammation are characterized by specific physiological changes that occur in response to injury or infection. The correct answer includes redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function. These signs result from the body’s immune response, which initiates an increase in blood flow and the movement of immune cells to the affected area.

• Redness occurs due to the dilation of blood vessels, allowing more blood to reach the injured tissue.

• Heat is related to the increased blood flow and metabolic activity in the area.

• Swelling is caused by the accumulation of fluid and immune cells in response to the inflammatory mediators released during the response.

• Pain arises from the release of chemicals that sensitize nerve endings and from the pressure of swelling on nerve tissue.

• Loss of function is a consequence of the preceding signs, as the affected area may be too painful or swollen for normal movement.

Understanding these signs helps in diagnosing inflammatory conditions and assessing the body's response to various stimuli or injuries. The other choices, while they may reflect various health conditions, do not specifically describe the signs associated with inflammation.