Which of the following is NOT a major component of a neuron?

The nucleus pulposus is the correct answer as it is not a major component of a neuron. Neurons consist of three primary components: the axon, which transmits electrical signals away from the cell body; dendrites, which receive signals from other neurons; and the soma (or cell body), which contains the nucleus and organelles necessary for the neuron's functionality. The nucleus pulposus, on the other hand, is a gelatinous substance found in the center of intervertebral discs in the spinal column and serves as a shock absorber, playing no role in the structure or function of neurons. Understanding this distinction is essential for grasping the anatomy of the nervous system and how different tissues function within the body.